Apparatus for coating surfaces



NOV. 28, E. 5TR|NG APPARATUS FOR COATING SURFACES.

Filed March 30, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet A1 muy wm y ,Y S

Patented Nov. 28, 1933.

vPATENT OFFICE' APPARATUS FOR COATING SURFACES James Edward String,Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The Vortex Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application March 30, 1929. Serial No. 351,244

5 Claims. (Cl. 91-45) This invention relates to an apparatus for coatingsurfaces with a mixture of viscous material and grit for the purpose ofwaterproofing and dampproofing and filling voids. The material may beapplied to various surfaces, as walls, ceilings, floors, columns etc. ofmasonry, concrete or other material, and besides its characteristic ofthorough dampproofing and waterproofing, it may, if desired, form a keyfor a finish coating of plaster.

I have found that I can build up a coating of any desired thickness byspraying asphalt and grit simultaneously by means of an air blast whichbreaks up the asphalt and feeds the grit into it after it leaves thenozzle.- In such application the grit serves to hold the variousparticles of asphalt together so that there is no running effect ortendency to separate. By directing the lsprayed mixture to particularlylow spots or large voids in the surface, they may be entirely filled,vflush with the rest of the surface, and thereafter the continuedapplication will give a coating of the desired thickness.

In spraying such a mixture, I have found it important to force air andasphalt (rendered liquid by a suitable solvent) to adjacent nozzleorifices so that the air may expand and break up the asphalt, and thento feed the said grit into such discharged broken up asphalt after itsdischarge from the nozzle but close thereto.

By way of illustration, and not as limiting myself thereto, I may say Ihave produced satisfactory results by using asphalt suspended in naphthaat a consistency approximating that of syrup, and by using sand of suchsize that all of it passes through a No. 30 screen and is all rejectedon a number screen, and I have satisfactorily applied such materialssimultaneously by means of an air-blast-nozzle having concentricpassageways for air and asphalt and a conduit for feeding the sand underair pressure forcibly into the expanded asphalt stream just after itleaves the nozzle. In such operation, I have satisfactorily employed anair pressure on the air line of about seventy pounds per square inch; onthe asphalt tank also seventy pounds, and on the sand tank about thirtypounds.

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of a complete coatingapparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a view on a larger scaleshowing one form of combined air, asphalt and grit nozzle which may beemployed; Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section of the apparatusshown in Fig. 1, being in a plane at right aiigles to that gure; Fig. 4is a sectionalside elevation of a modified form of combined air, asphaltand grit nozzle; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal central section of a stillfurther modification of the combined air, asphalt and grit nozzle.

Referring first to Fig. 1, 1 designates a com- 60 pressed air tank, 2 acontainer for liquid asphalt,

3 a container for the grit. The air container or tank 1 isshown asmounted upon the platform 4 of a suitable wheeled truck by means ofwhich it may be moved about, and the platform 4 car- 65 ries a suitableair pumpl or compressor 5 which is connected to the tank 1 by a pipe 6,by means of which air may b e supplied to the tank and maintainedtherein at a given pressure. The pump or compressor 5 may be of anyapproved 70 type driven by electricity, gasolene or other convenientpower.

The container 2 for the coating material is shown as provided withcarrying wheels '7 to permit it easily to be moved from place to place.In use it is connected to the compressed air` tank 1 by a lexiblehose orpipe 8. The hose 8 leads from the top ofthe tank 1 to a rigid pipe 9mounted vertically on one side of the container 2 and having its upperend portion in communication so with the top of the'container, wherebycom. pressed air is supplied from the tank 1 to the top of the container2 above the level of the viscous coating material therein. The pipe orhose 8 is provided with a valve 10 to regulate the flow of 35 air fromthe tank 1 to the container 2.

Leading from the bottom or lower portion of the container 2 is aflexible hose or pipe l1 for the coating material, and leading from theair vpipe 9 is a flexible hose or pipe 12 for compressed 90 air. Theseflexible pipes 11 and 12 extend from the container 2 and are connectedto two parallel rigid pipes 13 and 14, respectively, which are securedtogether .by suitable cross pieces to constitute a long rigid handlestructure.v The free end portions of the rigid pipes 13 and 14 areconnected by opposed elbows l5 and 16 to a nozzle fitting 17 whichcarries the nozzle hereinafter described for delivering the coating material. v f

The sand which I employ is placed within a closed, airtight container 3which is provided with carrying wheels 20 similar to the container 2, topermit it to be moved from place to place. Extending verticallythroughthe container 3 and above and below the top and bottom thereof isa pipe 2l having an. opening 22 in one side thereof affordingcommunication between the lower portion of the container and the pipeand roo may enter the pipe by gravity.

The upper end of the pipe 21 is connected l L( through a reducing valve23 and shut-oif-valve thickness has been built up.

24) to the compressed air pipe 9 on the container 2 by a flexible pipeor hose 25. The lower end of the pipe 21 is connected to a flexible pipe27 which extends from the container 3 to the handle structure and isconnected in parallelism rigidly with pipes 13 and 14 to form a part ofthe handle. This sand pipe discharges adjacent the air and asphaltorifices.

During the operation of the apparatus, the compressed air from the tank1 passing through the pipe 21 encounters the sand entering the pipesthrough the opening 22 therein and carries the sand with it to anddischarges it into the inated stream of asphalt emitted from the nozzle,as about to be described.

As heretofore mentioned, the drawings illustrate three forms of combinedair, asphalt and sand nozzles. Referring rst to the form shown in Figs.2 and 3, it will be seen that the air line 14 through the elbow 16 leadsto a central passageway 30 formed in a tubular extension 31 of thenozzle tting 17. Surrounding this passageway, this fitting has a sleeveportion 32 leaving an annular passageway 33 communicating with the elbowl5 and thus forming a conduit for the asphalt. A suitable cap 35 isthreaded onto the exterior of the nozzle sleeve 32. This cap has acylindrical wall and terminates in a dished end 36 having an openingsomewhat larger than the air tube 31. The exterior of the air tube istapered as shown in Fig. 3, so that by adjusting the cap in and out theeffective size of the annular opening for the asphalt may be regulated.This adjustment is locked by a jamb nut 38.

In the embodiment of Figs. 2 and 3, the sand pipe 27 divides into twopipes 40 and 41 which diverge and then extend alongside of the air andasphalt passageways and terminate in converging discharge portions 42and 43. These two sand pipes are properly spaced, with reference to theair and asphalt nozzle by means of a brace plate 45 which is shown assurrounding the fitting sleeve 32 and clamped in place by the nozzl cap35 and the jamb nut 38. i

With the construction described, the sand coming through the twodiverging pipes42 and 43 enters the inflated stream of asphaltdischarged from its nozzle by the air behind it and vthe central airblast, so that the sand becomes l mixed with the asphalt between thenozzle and the structure to be treated. Thus the sand and asphalt arecommingled before they strike the surface, and reach such surface as aunitary mastic. This mastic comes upon the surface with considerableimpact and is forced into the interstices and openings of the surface bymeans of the force of the propelling air and the central air pressure.Accordingly, as the handle structure is moved back and forth, a coatingof this thickened material is effectively applied to the structuralsurface untilA a layer of the desired In the illustration shown in Fig.4, the air and asphalt connections are as already described. The sandpipe 27 however in this instance is not bifurcated but passes as a'single pipe to the inwardly directed portion 48 which is carried by anear 39 on the nozzle cap 35. This is accordingly a somewhat simpler formof combined nozzlef Fig. 5 illustrates a nozzle where the sand, air

resaca? and -asphalt streams are concentric. In this case,l the sandpipe 27 is connected to an axially aligned central nozzle pipe 50. Thispipe has an enlarged hub externally threaded at 51 and on this ismounted a sleeve 52 which` continues close to the tube 50 to provide anarrow annular air passageway discharging at 53. This annular space isconnected by an opening 54 with a passageway 55 in the nozzle fitting 17which is coupled by a suitable coupling 56 with the elbow 16 which leadsfrom the air pipe 14 as heretofore. The nozzle fitting 17 is formed witha sleeve portion 57 which surrounds the air pipe 52 at some distancetherefrom and provides the annular asphalt passageway. This is connectedby a passageway 58 in the fitting 17 which leads to the elbow 15 coupledto the fitting at 59, and thence to the asphalt pipe 13 as heretofore.The fitting sleeve 57 is externally threaded to receive the usualinternally threaded cap 35 constructed as already described.

By the employment of such apparatus as described, one can eiiicientlyand rapidly deliver to the surface, and impact upon it, a mastic whichnot only fills the breaks, interstices and even the small pores but isof consistency that a layer may be built up of any desired thickness. Ican thus eifectively treat walls formed by masonry, concrete, cinderblocks and other similar surfaces, which heretofore have resistedsuccessful waterproofing and dampproong. My applied mastic is socompact'and permanent that it may well be left as the final wallcoating. However, I have found that a structural surface coated withthis viscous material and sand as hereinbefore described, will receiveand permanently retain plaster, stucco and similar materials withoutdanger of cracking or separation from the base.

I claim:-

1. The combination with a container for viscous material, a containerfor inert thickening material, means for supplying air pressure to thetwo containers, discharge conduits from the containers and a combinedthree-part nozzle in communication respectively with 'the `two tanks andwith an air supply, said nozzle having an annular passageway for viscousmaterial and a passageway for air withinisaid annular passageway, theannular passageway being bounded by'an external adjustable cap having anopening into which the air passageway extends and a conduit for theinert material under pressure so positioned as to discharge suchmaterial forcibly into the expanding stream of viscous material andairafter such stream leaves the nozzle. y

2. A nozzle comprising a body having a central tubular portion and anannular wall about the tubular portion spaced from it, elbows connectedwith the central tubular portion and the annular space, a cap screwingonto the annularwall and icc having an end opening cooperating with thecentral tube to, make an adjustable discharge for the material in theannular space, a brace clamped on the body by a cap and a suitable nut,a pair of external tubes diverging from a common tubular supply passingon opposite sides of the cap and held by said brace and adjacent theirfree ends bent inwardly to discharge into the material emitted from thecentral tube and annular nozzle. l

3. In a device for applying mastic, the combination with means forseparately carrying compressed air, liquid asphalt and grit, of acentral compressed air nozzle, an annular nozzle for liquid asphaltsurrounding the compressed air nozzle and discharging adjacent the airdischarge, means for supplying liquid asphalt under pressure to saidannular nozzle, a plurality of inwardly deected tubes with unrestrictedorifices leading from a common sand pipe and lying outside of theasphalt nozzle and converging beyond the same and means for forcing gritunder pressure through said pipe and tubes to forcibly vdischarge gritinto the expanded stream of air and asphalt.

4. In a compound nozzle for applying mastic, the combination of acentral discharge nozzle, means providing an annular passageway aboutsaid central nozzle, a cap having a threaded con,- nection with theouter end of said means provid--v ing the annular passageway, said capbeing adjustable longitudinally of the nozzle, there being an openingthev head of the cap adjacentthe'` nozzle, and an external tube ofuniform bore held in xed relation to the nozzle and converging towardthe combined stream discharged from the nozzle and' annular passagewayand having an oriflce adapted to discharge a'stream of sand into saidcombined stream.

5. A nozzle .for applying mastic to a surface comprising an annulardischarge` passageway for viscous material, an air passageway within thesaid annular passageway, whereby the viscous material may be expanded byair pressure withinl it, and a passageway for grit directed adjacent theorifice so as to discharge into the expanded viscous material in theatmosphere after it leaves ros

